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Perform HTTP requests

API Overview

API Documentation

Variables

Signature
hs.http.htmlEntities[]
Type
Variable
Description
A collection of common HTML Entities (&whatever;) and their UTF8 equivalents. To retrieve the UTF8 sequence for a given entity, reference the table as hs.http.htmlEntities["&key;"] where key is the text of the entity's name or a numeric reference like #number.
Notes
  • This list is likely not complete. It is based on the list of common entities described at http://www.freeformatter.com/html-entities.html.
  • Additional entities can be temporarily added via the hs.http.registerEntity(...) function. If you feel you have a more official list of entities which contains items which are currently not included by default, please open up an issue at https://github.com/Hammerspoon/hammerspoon and your link will be considered.
  • To see a list of the currently defined entities, a __tostring meta-method is included so that referencing the table directly as a string will return the current definitions.
  • For reference, this meta-method is essentially the following:

Functions

​asyncGet​

Signature
hs.http.asyncGet(url, headers, callback)
Type
Function
Description
Sends an HTTP GET request asynchronously
Parameters
  • url - A string containing the URL to retrieve
  • headers - A table containing string keys and values representing the request headers, or nil to add no headers
  • callback - A function to be called when the request succeeds or fails. The function will be passed three parameters:
  • A number containing the HTTP response status
  • A string containing the response body
  • A table containing the response headers
Notes
  • If authentication is required in order to download the request, the required credentials must be specified as part of the URL (e.g. "http://user:[email protected]/"). If authentication fails, or credentials are missing, the connection will attempt to continue without credentials.

​asyncPost​

Signature
hs.http.asyncPost(url, data, headers, callback)
Type
Function
Description
Sends an HTTP POST request asynchronously
Parameters
  • url - A string containing the URL to submit to
  • data - A string containing the request body, or nil to send no body
  • headers - A table containing string keys and values representing the request headers, or nil to add no headers
  • callback - A function to be called when the request succeeds or fails. The function will be passed three parameters:
  • A number containing the HTTP response status
  • A string containing the response body
  • A table containing the response headers
Notes
  • If authentication is required in order to download the request, the required credentials must be specified as part of the URL (e.g. "http://user:[email protected]/"). If authentication fails, or credentials are missing, the connection will attempt to continue without credentials.
Signature
hs.http.convertHtmlEntities(inString) -> outString
Type
Function
Description
Convert all recognized HTML Entities in the inString to appropriate UTF8 byte sequences and returns the converted text.
Parameters
  • inString -- A string containing any number of HTML Entities (&whatever;) in the text.
Returns
  • outString -- the input string with all recognized HTML Entity sequences converted to UTF8 byte sequences.
Notes
  • Recognized HTML Entities are those registered in hs.http.htmlEntities or numeric entity sequences: &#n; where n can be any integer number.
  • This function is especially useful as a post-filter to data retrieved by the hs.http.get and hs.http.asyncGet functions.
Signature
hs.http.doAsyncRequest(url, method, data, headers, callback, [cachePolicy])
Type
Function
Description
Creates an HTTP request and executes it asynchronously
Parameters
  • url - A string containing the URL
  • method - A string containing the HTTP method to use (e.g. "GET", "POST", etc)
  • data - A string containing the request body, or nil to send no body
  • headers - A table containing string keys and values representing request header keys and values, or nil to add no headers
  • callback - A function to called when the response is received. The function should accept three arguments:
  • code - A number containing the HTTP response code
  • body - A string containing the body of the response
  • headers - A table containing the HTTP headers of the response
  • cachePolicy - An optional string containing the cache policy ("protocolCachePolicy", "ignoreLocalCache", "ignoreLocalAndRemoteCache", "returnCacheOrLoad", "returnCacheDontLoad" or "reloadRevalidatingCache"). Defaults to protocolCachePolicy.
Returns
  • None
Notes
  • If authentication is required in order to download the request, the required credentials must be specified as part of the URL (e.g. "http://user:[email protected]/"). If authentication fails, or credentials are missing, the connection will attempt to continue without credentials.
  • If the Content-Type response header begins text/ then the response body return value is a UTF8 string. Any other content type passes the response body, unaltered, as a stream of bytes.

​doRequest​

Signature
hs.http.doRequest(url, method, [data, headers, cachePolicy]) -> int, string, table
Type
Function
Description
Creates an HTTP request and executes it synchronously
Parameters
  • url - A string containing the URL
  • method - A string containing the HTTP method to use (e.g. "GET", "POST", etc)
  • data - An optional string containing the data to POST to the URL, or nil to send no data
  • headers - An optional table of string keys and values used as headers for the request, or nil to add no headers
  • cachePolicy - An optional string containing the cache policy ("protocolCachePolicy", "ignoreLocalCache", "ignoreLocalAndRemoteCache", "returnCacheOrLoad", "returnCacheDontLoad" or "reloadRevalidatingCache"). Defaults to protocolCachePolicy.
Returns
  • A number containing the HTTP response status code
  • A string containing the response body
  • A table containing the response headers
Notes
  • If authentication is required in order to download the request, the required credentials must be specified as part of the URL (e.g. "http://user:[email protected]/"). If authentication fails, or credentials are missing, the connection will attempt to continue without credentials.
Signature
hs.http.encodeForQuery(string) -> string
Type
Function
Description
Returns a copy of the provided string in which characters that are not valid within an HTTP query key or value are escaped with their %## equivalent.
Parameters
  • originalString - the string to make safe as a key or value for a query
Returns
  • the converted string
Notes
  • The intent of this function is to provide a valid key or a valid value for a query string, not to validate the entire query string. For this reason, ?, =, +, and & are included in the converted characters.

​get​

Signature
hs.http.get(url, headers) -> int, string, table
Type
Function
Description
Sends an HTTP GET request to a URL
Parameters
  • url - A string containing the URL to retrieve
  • headers - A table containing string keys and values representing the request headers, or nil to add no headers
Returns
  • A number containing the HTTP response status
  • A string containing the response body
  • A table containing the response headers
Notes
  • If authentication is required in order to download the request, the required credentials must be specified as part of the URL (e.g. "http://user:[email protected]/"). If authentication fails, or credentials are missing, the connection will attempt to continue without credentials.

​post​

Signature
hs.http.post(url, data, headers) -> int, string, table
Type
Function
Description
Sends an HTTP POST request to a URL
Parameters
  • url - A string containing the URL to submit to
  • data - A string containing the request body, or nil to send no body
  • headers - A table containing string keys and values representing the request headers, or nil to add no headers
Returns
  • A number containing the HTTP response status
  • A string containing the response body
  • A table containing the response headers
Notes
  • If authentication is required in order to download the request, the required credentials must be specified as part of the URL (e.g. "http://user:[email protected]/"). If authentication fails, or credentials are missing, the connection will attempt to continue without credentials.
Signature
hs.http.registerEntity(entity, codepoint) -> string
Type
Function
Description
Registers an HTML Entity with the specified Unicode codepoint which can later referenced in your code as hs.http.htmlEntity[entity] for convenience and readability.
Parameters
  • entity -- The full text of the HTML Entity as it appears in HTML encoded documents. A proper entity starts with & and ends with ; and entity labels which do not meet this will have them added -- future dereferences to get the corresponding UTF8 must include this initiator and terminator or they will not be recognized.
  • codepoint -- a Unicode codepoint in numeric or U+xxxx format to register with as the given entity.
Returns
  • Returns the UTF8 byte sequence for the entity registered.
Notes
  • If an entity label was previously registered, this will overwrite the previous value with a new one.
  • The return value is merely syntactic sugar and you do not need to save it locally; it can be safely ignored -- future access to the pre-converted entity should be retrieved as hs.http.htmlEntities[entity] in your code. It looks good when invoked from the console, though ☺.

​urlParts​

Signature
hs.http.urlParts(url) -> table
Type
Function
Description
Returns a table of keys containing the individual components of the provided url.
Parameters
  • url - the url to parse into it's individual components
Returns
  • a table containing any of the following keys which apply to the specified url:
  • absoluteString - The URL string for the URL as an absolute URL.
  • absoluteURL - An absolute URL that refers to the same resource as the provided URL.
  • baseURL - the base URL, if the URL is relative
  • fileSystemRepresentation - the URL’s unescaped path specified as a file system path
  • fragment - the fragment, if specified in the URL
  • host - the host for the URL
  • isFileURL - a boolean value indicating whether or not the URL represents a local file
  • lastPathComponent - the last path component specified in the URL
  • parameterString - the parameter string, if specified in the URL
  • password - the password, if specified in the URL
  • path - the unescaped path specified in the URL
  • pathComponents - an array containing the path components of the URL
  • pathExtension - the file extension, if specified in the URL
  • port - the port, if specified in the URL
  • query - the query, if specified in the URL
  • queryItems - if the URL contains a query string, then this field contains an array of the unescaped key-value pairs for each item. Each key-value pair is represented as a table in the array to preserve order. See notes for more information.
  • relativePath - the relative path of the URL without resolving against its base URL. If the path has a trailing slash it is stripped. If the URL is already an absolute URL, this contains the same value as path.
  • relativeString - a string representation of the relative portion of the URL. If the URL is already an absolute URL this contains the same value as absoluteString.
  • resourceSpecifier - the resource specified in the URL
  • scheme - the scheme of the URL
  • standardizedURL - the URL with any instances of ".." or "." removed from its path
  • user - the username, if specified in the URL
Notes
  • This function assumes that the URL conforms to RFC 1808. If the URL is malformed or does not conform to RFC1808, then many of these fields may be missing.
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